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Lesson Plans

The American People: Creating a Nation and a Society ©2001

by Gary B. Nash and Julie Roy Jeffrey John B. Howe, Peter J. Frederick, Allen F. Davis, Allan M. Winkler

Focus Lesson 22

Chapter 27: "Chills and Fever During the Cold War"


AP* Course Description

  1. Truman and the Cold War
    1. Containment in Europe and the Middle East
      1. Truman Doctrine
      2. Marshall Plan
      3. Berlin crisis
      4. NATO
    2. Revolution in China
    3. Limited war: Korea, MacArthur
  2. Eisenhower and Modern Republicanism
    1. Domestic frustrations; McCarthyism
    2. John Foster Dulles' foreign policy
    3. Space race
  3. Kennedy's New Frontier; Johnson's Great Society
    1. Foreign policy
      1. Bay of Pigs
      2. Cuban missile crisis
  4. Nixon
    1. Nixon-Kissinger foreign policy
      1. Vietnam: escalation and pullout

Key Components

  • Instructor's Guide: pp. 129–133
  • Study Guide, Vol. II: pp. 103–113
  • Test Bank: pp. 435–453

Key Web Sites

Given the changing nature of the Internet, you may wish to preview these sites. Always check for updated links to U.S. history sites.

Key Words and Terms

  • Yalta conference
  • Atomic Energy Act
  • Truman Doctrine
  • House Un-American Activities Committee
  • Alger Hiss
  • NATO
  • 1984
  • Joseph McCarthy
  • Army-McCarthy hearings
  • Geneva Conference
  • Sputnik
  • Bay of Pigs
  • Cuban missile crisis
  • Tet offensive
  • Nixon Doctrine
  • Pentagon Papers
  • Dean Acheson
  • Gamal Abdel Nasser
  • John Foster Dulles
  • five-year plan
  • domino theory
  • brinksmanship
  • Viet Minh
  • Vietnamization
  • Potsdam conference
  • "Iron Curtain"
  • Federal Employee Loyalty Program
  • Marshall Plan
  • Berlin Airlift
  • Whittaker Chambers
  • George Orwell
  • 1984 McCarran Internal Security Act
  • Senate Permanent Investigations Committee
  • "freedom fighters"
  • Fidel Castro
  • Berlin Wall
  • Gulf of Tonkin resolution
  • My Lai incident
  • SALT I Treaty
  • George Marshall
  • Ho Chi Minh
  • Douglas MacArthur
  • Ngo Dinh Diem
  • containment
  • massive retaliation
  • Viet Cong
  • coexistence
  • détente

Suggested Pacing

Allow eight 45-minute class periods on a traditional bell schedule or four sessions on a 90-minute block schedule.

Test Strategy

When taking the multiple-choice portion of the AP* exam, students need to make efficient use of time. If students get stuck on a question, they should scratch out any answer choices they know to be incorrect, circle or star the question in the question booklet—not on the answer sheet—and move on, returning to the question later. Students need to be aware of the number of the question they skip so they can skip the coinciding answer row on the answer sheet.

Key Concepts

As students should remember from their study of Chapter 25, "World War II," the United States and the Soviet Union had very different views of the world order after the war. This chapter describes how the Cold War developed and its effects on U.S. domestic policy.

Truman changed the nature of U.S. foreign policy toward the Soviet Union. Whereas Roosevelt used diplomacy, Truman adopted the policy of containment. According to this theory, the Soviet Union and its newly acquired satellite nations would implode over time from the weight of economic and political problems. In hindsight, Truman proved correct. In the meantime, Cold War hostilities with the Soviet Union and China colored U.S. foreign policy for almost 50 years—until the fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of the Soviet Union.

U.S. involvement in Vietnam is a case study in how Cold War policies drew the United States into interventionist activities. U.S. involvement in Vietnam evolved from the Truman administration through the administrations of Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon.

Summing Up Student Understanding

Have students make a postwar time line. Divide the class into small groups and assign each group a year from 1944 to 1960. Ask them to list all the major items—political, economic, and social—that occurred in that year. They should refer to as many chapters from the text as necessary, including Chapter 28, to be sure they have included all major events. Either have students work on sheets of paper to hang around the room or on sheets of notepaper to be collected and copied for each student. This time line then becomes a teaching and review tool for the AP* exam.

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

You might also find these additional readings useful in developing students' background knowledge or for DBQ activities:

  • American Issues: Vol. II Since 1865, edited by Unger and Tomes—Chapters 12 and 16
  • The Power of Words: Vol. II From 1865, edited by Breen—Chapter 12
  • Constructing the American Past, Vol. II, edited by Gorn, Roberts, and Bilhartz—Chapters 11 and 13
  • American Experiences: Vol. II From 1877, edited by Roberts and Olson (secondary source readings)—Part Seven