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Lesson Plans
Psychology, 6th Edition ©2000
by Wade, Tavris
Weeks 21–22
Chapter 13: Theories of Personality
Performance Objectives:
- Define personality as the individual's unique way of thinking, feeling, and acting.
- Explain the role of personality constructs as a framework for organizing behavioral phenomena.
- Explain the characteristics of the psychoanalytic, cognitive-behavioral, humanistic, and trait approaches.
- Identify important contributions to the understanding of personality.
- Describe tests used in personality assessment.
- Distinguish between objective and projective techniques of personality assessment.
Resources:
- Chapter 13: Theories of Personality—pp. 456–495
- Study Guide and Practice Tests—pp. 347–378
- Instructor's Resource Manual—pp. 431–472
- Test Bank—pp. 298–321
Pacing Guide:
- Measuring Personality—days 1 and 2
- The Genetic Contribution—day 3
- The Social-Cognitive Contribution—days 4 and 5
- The Cultural Contribution—day 6
- The Psychodynamic Contribution—days 7 and 8
- The Humanist Contribution—day 9
- The Public and Private Personality—day 10
- Block Scheduling
Measuring Personality should receive one block. Combine Genetic and Cultural Contributions into one block. The Social-Cognitive and Psychodynamic Contributions should each get its own block. The Humanist Contribution and The Public and Private Personality should be combined into one block.
Key Words:
- personality, p. 457
- trait, p. 457
- inventories, p. 458
- MMPI, p. 458
- Gordon Allport, p. 459
- central and secondary traits, p. 459
- Raymond Cattell, p. 459
- factor analysis, p. 459
- Big Five traits, pp. 459–560
- temperaments, p. 462
- behavioral genetics, p. 464
- social-cognitive theories (of personality), p. 466
- reciprocal determinism, p. 466
- self-efficacy, p. 467
- self-fulfilling prophecy, p. 468
- locus of control, p. 468
- culture, p. 472
- individualist, p. 473
- collectivist cultures, p. 474
- monochronic, p. 476
- polychronic cultures, p. 576
- Sigmund Freud, p. 476
- psychoanalysis, p. 476
- psychodynamic theories, p. 476
- intrapsychic, p. 476
- id, ego, superego, pp. 476–477
- libido, p. 476
- defense mechanisms (repression, projection, etc.), p. 478
- psychosexual stages, p. 479
- Carl Jung, p. 481
- collective unconscious, p. 481
- archetypes, p. 481
- object-relations school, p. 482
- projective tests, p. 483
- Rorschach Inkblot Tests, p. 484
- Abraham Maslow, p. 487
- Carl Rogers, p. 487
- humanistic psychology, p. 487
- peak experiences, p. 487
- self-actualization, p. 487
- unconditional positive regard, p. 488
- Karen Horney, p. 480
- Rollo May, p. 488
Critical Thinking Questions:
- How do psychologists identify the elements of your personality?
- How can psychologists tell which personality traits "clump together"?
- How does belonging to an individualistic or collectivist culture influence your personality—and even whether you think you have a stable "self"?
- Why are risk-taking, aggressiveness, and punctuality more than just individual personality traits?
- Why do some people always expect to do poorly while others are confident of success?
- How do psychologists regard Freud today?
- How does the humanist vision of human nature differ from the visions of behaviorism?
- In the humanist view, what's wrong with saying to a child, "I love you because you're good"?
Troubleshooting Tips:
- You may need to review chapter 2 as you review the methods of inquiry for each personality theory.
- Be sure to give ample time to the Freudian defense mechanisms.
End-of-Chapter Activity:
Graphology, Horoscopes, and the "Barnum Effect" (student edition, pp. 491–492)