Primary Sources

Use these documents, eyewitness accounts, and speeches.

Chapter 1: The Weather, Mark Twain

Chapter 2: Song of the Sky Loom, Tewa Indian

Chapter 3: La Relación, Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca

Chapter 4: The Mayflower Compact

Chapter 5: Concord Hymn, Ralph Waldo Emerson

Chapter 6: Common Sense, Thomas Paine

Chapter 7: The Federalist Papers, No. 1, Alexander Hamilton

Chapter 8: Summit for America's Future, General Colin Powell

Chapter 9: Farewell Address, George Washington

Chapter 10: Sell a Country! Why Not Sell the Air?, Tecumseh

Chapter 11: A Description of Factory Life in 1846

Chapter 12: The Humble Peasant, Ambrose Bierce

Chapter 13: Sacramento, A Song about the California Gold Rush

Chapter 14: Life on a Southern Plantation, from Life and Times of Frederick Douglass, Frederick Douglass

Chapter 15: Appeal by the Women of Massachusetts for Civil Rights

Chapter 16: The Kansas Emigrants, John Greenleaf Whittier

Chapter 17: Beat! Beat! Drums!, Walt Whitman

Chapter 18: The Freedmen's Bureau, from Souls of Black Folks, W.E.B. Du Bois

Chapter 19: The Nation's Hoop Was Broken, from Black Elk Speaks, John G Niehardt

Chapter 20: Wealth, Andrew Carnegie

Chapter 21: City's Poor Are Crowded in Tenements, from How the Other Half Lives, Jacob Riis

Chapter 22: Inaugural Address of 1905, Theodore Roosevelt

Chapter 23: Two Views of Imperialism: The White Man's Burden, Rudyard Kipling; and The Real White Man's Burden, Ernest Crosby

Chapter 24: Diary of WWI Ambulance Driver, William Stevenson

Chapter 25: A Flapper's Appeal to Parents, Ellen Welles Page

Chapter 26: Through Many Dangers, Minnie Stonestreet

Chapter 27: Letter to Mr. and Mrs. Sullivan, Franklin D. Roosevelt

Chapter 28: On Cuban Missile Crisis, John F. Kennedy and Nikita Khrushchev

Chapter 29: Letter from Birmingham Jail, Martin Luther King, Jr.

Chapter 30: Following Up the Earth Summit, Al Gore