In the early 1800s, the United States changed rapidly. New technology caused a growth in industry. New factories sprang up along the nation's waterways, and with them new towns and cities. The nation increased in size, too, as settlers swarmed west along roads and rivers.

Change led to increased differences. Economic differences grew between the traditional farming society and the newer industrial society. Regional differences also grew between the North, South, and West. The nation's leaders struggled to strengthen and unify a rapidly expanding nation. They also faced the challenge of creating a bold new foreign policy, as neighboring nations in Latin America won independence.

Additional Activities

• "Why Study History?" Activity: Have students use the Internet to explore how inventions have influenced their lives. (See Teacher's Edition, page 298.)
  
  
• Check out the Student Internet Activities, which focus on interstate highway travel and Lowell National Historic Park.
  
  

Section 1: The Industrial Revolution

Section 2: Moving Westward

Section 3: Building National Unity

Section 4: Latin America and the United States