This chapter uses the kinetic-molecular theory of gases, which explains the submicroscopic behavior of gas particles, to describe the macroscopic behavior of gases. Gases can be measured and described by four properties: the number of particles, pressure, temperature, and volume. The laws of Boyle, Charles, and Avogadro relate the pairs of properties to one another. The ideal gas equation identifies the relationship among all the properties.

In this chapter, you will learn: to describe the kinetic-molecular theory to explain gas pressure and describe how it is measured to state the gas laws to compare ideal and real gases to relate gas density to temperature and molar mass